The right to a fair trial is a fundamental right of every human being. For the people who do not know the language of proceedings, the interpreter is one of their participants to guarantee obeying this law. Due to the fact that the interpreters play such an important role, the present article attempts at comparing the selected aspects concerning their participation in criminal proceedings, including judicial criminal proceedings on the grounds of Polish and Russian legislation. Among others, the interpreter’s responsibility, his/her rights and duties, knowledge and competence required, as well as available tools which let him/her develop essential skills were pointed out.
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